The Ministry of Tourism and Recreation would like to acknowledge the contribution of the Fitness Safety Standards Committee of the Ontario Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences in the development of this report. The members of the committee are listed on page 38.
Compared to most sports, especially contact sports, fitness activity is quite safe. However, injuries do happen and when they do, the harm spreads much further than the victim and the family.
Injuries hurt all of us and they hurt all over. The public image of the activity is hurt, as is the good name of your facility. In the case of legal action, both personal and corporate finances can be hurt.
What can you do to protect everyone - yourself and those you're responsible for?
If you're like many involved in sport, fitness, or recreation, you're probably thinking of redirecting funds toward a complete safety system, one that covers your facility and all the people in it. Voluntary compliance with safety standards is an important component of your system.
How This Guide Will Help
If you're helping people get fit, the proper application of safety standards will help you make a better job of it.
First and foremost, the maintenance of safety standards helps you prevent injury, not only to your participants, but to staff and volunteers as well.
Safety standards will give you a competitive edge. Clients, customers, and participants who feel protected are more likely to renew their memberships. Not only that, they'll cheerfully recommend your facility to their friends.
Although designed for the fitness professional, this guide touches every aspect of the business (public, private, and commercial) and can benefit anyone, whether volunteer, staff, or management.
The guidelines that follow are practical. Apply them with your own common sense and good judgement.
The Source
A 1986 study by the Ontario Sport Medicine and Safety Advisory Board revealed some troubling concerns.
It raised questions about:
the qualification of fitness appraisers
the lack of standards and certification in the training of fitness leaders
the lack of CPR and first aid training for both
It found a lack of consistent screening techniques for clients who could be hurt by the wrong kind of exercise - or by any exercise at all.
Most common injuries came from:
over-exercising and impact shock
improper warm-up and progressions
improper flooring and footwear
inadequate screening of those who could be hurt by the wrong kind of exercising or by exercising at too advanced a level
What's more, the whole approach to injuries seemed to emphasise treatment after the fact, rather than prevention. There were no standards for the design, construction, or maintenance of facilities or of the equipment they contained.
As a result, the Ministry of Tourism and Recreation established the Ontario Fitness Safety Standards Committee in 1987. Members were drawn from both the commercial and non-commercial fitness sectors, as well as from education, professional associations, and government. (Their names, titles, and organisations can be found under FSSC Members, page 38.)
The committee was asked to recommend safety standards for fitness, to develop standards for equipment and staff, to investigate the nature of injury, and to make certain that all those taking part could be assured that reasonable care had been taken to protect their health and safety.
The FSSC spent two years looking into the issues and reported their findings in a 120-page document called, appropriately enough, Fitness Safety Standards. The full report can be obtained from the Safety Resource Centre. (See Useful Resources, page 3 1.)
The material in this guide was selected from that report.
No program will really work - and stay working - unless it permeates your entire operation.
Commitment is essential, and it should flow from the top down. Senior management personnel must be committed to the program. Get their interest through an evaluation stressing the advantages of injury prevention.
Once they've blessed the program, make sure your whole organisation knows it's been blessed. Get a formal notice of the commitment in the newsletter or up on the bulletin board.
Get Others Involved
Put together a small task force to develop an achievable safety strategy and the timetable to run it. Make sure the task force includes people from both programming and operations.
A useful resource, Your Fatality Safety Plan: A common-sense approach to managing risks, is a comprehensive, six-part series of manuals which can help you set up just such a system. (See: Useful Resources, page 3 1.)
Set up a safety education program for front-line staff and volunteers. Consider hosting a Sports Injury Prevention and Care (SIPAC) course. SIPAC is an eight-hour workshop complete with learning materials, a qualified instructor, and ample hands-on practice. (See: Useful Resources, page 3 1.)
Keep the Program Alive
Report your progress from time to time. Ask for suggestions from staff, customers, or clients. Above all, make sure those for whom the message is designed not only get the message ... but keep getting it.
Establish "getting started" sessions for new clients and regular refresher sessions for those already with you. Encourage your staff to speak up: first, to stop your clients from taking risks; second, to encourage safe practices.
Help your clients assess themselves. Work with them to determine their current fitness level and to develop reasonable goals.
Give them all the information they need to choose a program that leads to those goals.
Encourage them with constant support and counsel based on regular evaluations.
The Ontario Fitness Safety Standards Committee recognised that your clients bear some responsibility for their own safety. But the committee also recognised that you are obliged to try to identify those at risk and to tell them what those risks might be.
PAR-Q
There may be questions about the usefulness of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) for certain groups. . But the Committee feels it is still the most appropriate screening device available to the average fitness facility, with these reservations:
PAR-Q is not for pregnant women, those who take prescriptions for blood pressure or heart conditions, or anyone 65 or older. In these cases, a doctor's advice is essential.
It will not deter those wishing to rocket from a long period of inactivity into bouts of vigorous exercise. They must be counselled about the risks.
Although PAR-Q may not properly screen those under 15, it is still the best option available.
PAR-X
PAR-X forms were developed specifically (and exclusively) for doctors to prescribe exercise programs for those screened out by PAR-Q. It's a good idea to keep a supply on hand for those who have been screened out by PAR-Q to give to their doctors.
NB: PAR-X forms must be used in consultation with a physician.
Informed Consent Is Essential
All clients and guests must be told of the risks that go with a particular form of fitness activity. This information must be available on request.
Applicants should be given an informed consent form which:
describes the activity
warns of its inherent risks
shows that the applicant understands and has accepted these conditions by signing the form
The informed consent form must:
be short and easy for the average person to understand
apply to any or all of the activities available
clearly state your responsibilities and the limitations of your staff
It must not:
be intimidating
require the signer to give up the right to sue for negligence
There's a sample consent form on page 33. However, it's only a guide. You must develop your own form and you should get legal advice in doing so.
Guests and Casuals
It's a good idea to give these visitors the opportunity to fill out a PAR-Q form. It's also a good idea to have a sign-in book, with a brief paragraph at the top of the page advising the signer of the risks of injury. Check the wording with your lawyer.
Maximal Aerobic Capacity Testing
Fitness testing is usually done with submaximal tests, which raise the heart rate to a target zone but no higher. Maximal testing elevates the heart rate to its maximum. Although this method yields more accurate results, the increased risk of injury in individuals over 35 years of age makes maximal testing inappropriate in most cases.
Keeping Your Clients on Track
Screening:
Make certain everyone signs an informed consent agreement before starting.
If anyone answers "yes" to a PAR-Q question, make sure they get medical clearance through PAR-X.
Signage:
Well-written, well-placed signs are helpful. They should warn against unfamiliar activity or use of equipment, outline proper attire and conduct, and outline basic emergency procedures.
Supervision:
Your staff should monitor unsupervised areas like squash courts at least once an hour, make certain that racquet players are wearing approved eyeguards, and should supervise high-risk areas like the gym and weight rooms constantly during peak hours.
Appraisals:
Set up a fitness appraisal system for all new clients and offer regular evaluations. Find their current abilities and where they're comfortable, then use this information when you counsel them.
The Professional's Safety Checklist
DO YOU
screen all applicants, using the Physical Activity Readiness Ouestionnaire (PAR-0) or a medical examination?
inform them of the risks inherent in physical activity participation and fitness facility usage?
refer them for medical advice if they're pregnant or over 70 years
conduct professionally-supervised, submaximal exercise tests on those unaccustomed to exercise (men over 40, women over 50)?
The three basics:
Ideally, all staff (program, management, and support) should be qualified in first aid and CPR. But at the very least, one staff person trained in these procedures should always be on your premises during operating hours.
Management should be trained to recognise the potential hazards associated with the practice of first aid and CPR.
Everyone should also be aware of emergency procedures. (For details, see The Emergency Action Plan, page 19.)
The Fitness Appraiser: What It Takes, Minimum
According to the Canadian Association of Sport Science Fitness Appraisal Certification and Accreditation program, these are the minimum requirements for a Certified Fitness Appraiser:
current CPR certification
graduation from a program in exercise science at a community college or university
FACA-sanctioned apprenticeship in appraisal and exercise prescription (Apprenticeship means a minimum of 120 hours of fitness appraising, which must include 25 hours of testing, interpretation, and prescription. A comprehensive written exam must be passed.)
recertification every year
For more information, contact the Ontario Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences. (See Useful Resources,page 3 1.)
The Fitness Leader: What It Takes, Minimum
According to the National Fitness Leadership Advisory Committee, these are the minimum requirements for a Fitness Leader:
certification in basic first aid
certification in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at the Heart Saver level
completion of a course that meets the criteria of the Guidelines for the Training of Fitness Leaders (Fitness Canada, 1984)
A specialist leader may complete a course in pre-and post-natal fitness, strength training, aquatic fitness, fitness for older adults, and the like. National training guidelines are available through Fitness Canada.
One source which provides a clear picture of what it takes to be a competent leader is Performance Standards for a Basic Fitness Leader from the National Fitness Leadership Advisory Committee. (See Useful Resources) Certification is available through the Ontario Fitness Council. (See Useful Resources)
The FSSC recommends:
all Ontario fitness leaders be certified through programs
that conform to NFLAC's performance standards by 1995
instructors of exercise classes for pregnant women take
a course on pre- and post-natal fitness
all staff - including management and support - be qualified in first aid and CPR
The Professional's Safety Checklist
D0 YOU
have at least one staff member qualified in first aid
and CPR In the facility during operating hours?
have fitness appraisers qualified with the equivalent of the Fitness Appraisal Certification and Accreditation program of the Ontario Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences?
have fitness leaders certified under the Performance Standards for the Basic Fitness Leader by the National Fitness Leadership Advisory Committee?
Fitness Safety's Vital Component
Your Emergency Action Plan is vital because it defines precisely what must be done in an emergency and precisely who does it.
Different emergencies demand different responses. Depending on your facility, you may have to be prepared for fire, personal injury, a public nuisance, a chemical spill, even a bomb threat, or a riot.
Whatever the cause, there are three assignments common to all emergencies:
Charge Person: The Charge Person takes complete
control of the emergency, assessing its severity and assigning tasks.
Call Person: The Call Person makes the call for outside help.
Control Person: The Control Person makes certain that no one interferes with the Charge or Control Persons.
Your Facility Safely Plan: A common-sense approach to managing risks is an excellent aid for the development of a first-class Emergency Action Plan. (See Useful Resources)
Documentation
The Medical Information Form contains vital information on every client, guest, casual visitor, and member of your staff, It should cover current medication, contact lenses, allergies, OHIP or Ontario Health card number, and the phone number of a physician to contact in case of an emergency.
This information must be kept strictly confidential. However, make certain that senior staff can get at it in a hurry. If the injured person has to go to the hospital, make sure the form goes along.
The Incident Report can help you prevent future injuries by tracking patterns and can be an important part of your defence against possible litigation. (See Forms You Will Need)
First aid equipment must be both accessible and portable. Contents must be checked regularly and items missing or deteriorated must be replaced. (See Basic First Aid Checklist)
The Professional's Safety Checklist
DO YOU
have an Emergency Action Plan and practice it at least every three months?
accurately document all accidents or emergencies?
have appropriate emergency phone numbers posted near the phones in all high-risk areas (pool, fitness testing, gymnasium, weight room)?
have appropriate first aid equipment on hand?
It's your responsibility to do everything possible to prevent the spread of communicable diseases on your premises.
Communicable diseases are simply diseases spread from one person to another through bodily fluids, through airborne droplets (coughing or sneezing), or from places where malignant organisms thrive, such as damp towels.
You should be concerned about certain common afflictions coughs, colds, flu, plantar warts, crabs or lice, and athlete's foot. All can be prevented through sensible hygiene.
AIDS is a concern to people because of its serious consequences. However, there is no risk of infection through casual contact. The HIV virus can only be contracted through an exchange of body fluids, like blood or semen. With sensible precautions, it's unlikely that this will prove a problem on your premises. To date, there is no record of the HIV virus spreading in a fitness facility.
Simple but Effective Precautions
You should train your maintenance staff in the following universal precautions. These simple but effective techniques will go a long way toward protecting the health of your clientele (and, indirectly, the health of your business).
Hand washing should always be done at the beginning and end of work, before and after rest breaks, after handling garbage, towels, etc., and both before and after going to the toilet.
When handling garbage, or anything bloody, people who have cuts or rashes on their hands should always wear gloves.
Cleaning up is vital. A bleach solution kills viruses. Use one part bleach to nine parts water to clean up blood and bodily fluids. Keep a pre-mixed supply on hand. Let those responsible know where it's kept.
Finally, keep even those minor cuts on the hands under band-aids at all times.
If You Don't Tell Them, They Won't Know
You should educate both staff and clientele about communicable diseases like plantar warts and athlete's foot. Your local Medical Officer or Public Health Department will be happy to supply you with material.
If anyone walks in looking sick, it's up to you to protect all concerned. Staff or clientele, tell them to go home till it's over. It's in everyone's best interest that they do so.
If someone known to have a communicable disease is up for a fitness appraisal, tell them you can't do the appraisal until they have a clean bill of health.
The Professional's Safety Checklist
D0 YOU
have your promises as free from communicabledisease as possible?
train your staff to keep them that way?
There are two principal components to a safe facility:
making it safe from the start
keeping it that way
The Ministry of Tourism and Recreation has prepared a comprehensive set of manuals called Your Facility Safely Plan; A common-sense approach to managing risks. To order these detailed manuals, see Useful Resources, page 3 1.
The Basics
Regular, rigorous cleaning, maintenance, and inspection are essential.
Set a schedule for maintenance. Stick to it.
Sweeping, mopping, vacuuming, dusting, and disposal o trash should be done every day.
Cleaning staff should be encouraged to keep an eye out for problems and to report them immediately.
Lights and alarms should be inspected once a month.
Outdoors
Playing fields should be inspected every day; potholes should be filled; and debris, like broken glass and sticks, should be removed.
Make sure that water can drain from a high centre to a low sideline.
Check your night lighting. Make sure it's adequate and functioning.
Playing fields should be separated from roadways by a fence, wall, or buffer zone. The latter should be kept clear during the action; you don't want a player colliding with an unwary or slow-moving passerby.
Racquet court floors should be non-slip and should provide adequate shock absorption.
The walls should withstand high impact; they should not splinter, shatter, break, or chip.
Gaps between clear plastic viewing panels are extremely dangerous. When a player hits a panel near the gap, the gap springs open even wider. Fingers trapped there can be severe y pinched, even severed. Put a cover moulding over the gap.
Lights should provide a minimum of 50 foot-candles and be protected from impact. If there's a power failure, an emergency system should provide backup.
Air exchangers or protected fans should provide adequate ventilation.
Check the players' equipment: racquets should be in good condition, not splintered or cracked. CSA-approved eyeguards must be worn. If you're renting equipment out, check it carefully - both before and after use.
Gymnasium and exercise rooms must be free from hazard: move fire extinguishers out of the way.
Pop-open electric panels should be moved or covered.
Provide adequate ventilation. Room temperature should not go above 20 degrees Celsius; if it does, modify your programs during these periods. Drinking water should be handy.
Overcrowding your classes certainly invites injury. But it also means short-changing your clientele because the instructor can't be sure that everyone is performing correctly. Optimum ratio is somewhere between 20 and 30 clients to one instructor, depending on the fitness level of the class and the type of movement.
Equipment
Weight training rooms should be free of other traffic and obstructions.
Equipment should be shielded with proper safety devices and inspected regularly.
Machines should also be positioned in logical sequence, so your clientele can move through their programs easily.
Teach your clientele the safe and proper use of equipment through "getting started" seminars, pamphlets, signs, and continuing advice from your staff. Don't allow beginners to use potentially dangerous equipment (i.e., free weights) until they're properly trained.
For both hygiene and safety, insist that everyone wear tops and proper footwear.
Fitness testing should only be done by those qualified (Certified Fitness Appraiser or higher).
Clientele should be screened to determine whether they are fit to exercise, taking into account any medication they may be on. They should sign an appropriate informed consent form.
Equipment should be cleaned and re-calibrated between tests.
Showers and change rooms should be cleaned every day.
Shower rooms should not be directly connected to your exercise area. There should be a separate drying area to cut down on water in the change area. Even when wet, floors should not be slippery,
Use a back-flow safety valve to prevent sudden surges of hot or cold water. Water temperature should be kept within a safe range.
Adequate drainage should prevent water from pooling.
Whirlpools, tubs, and spas should comply with the Recommended Standards for the Operation of Public Spas. (See Useful Resources page 3 1.)
To train staff or volunteers in injury prevention and care:
Sports Injury Prevention and Care (SIPAC) course, SIPAC Co-ordinator, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI. (416) 495-4248
To develop an injury prevention system for your facility, including an Emergency Action Plan:
Your Facility Safety Plan: A common-sense approach to managing risks. The Safety Resource Centre, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Suite 407, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI.
1-800-668-7744 or in Toronto 495-4025. Fax (416) 495-4310
To receive, by phone or in person, the full range of current sport, fitness, and recreation information:
The Safety Resource Centre, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Suite 407, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI.
1-800-668-7744 or in Toronto 495-4025. Fax (416) 495-4310
For guidelines and performance standards on how to train and certify fitness appraisers:
Fitness Appraisal Certification and Accreditation program, Ontario Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2X I. (416) 495-4074
For guidelines and performance standards on how to train and certify fitness leaders:
National Fitness Leadership Advisory Committee, c/o Mary Campbell, Program Manager, Centre for Leadership in Active Living, 1600 James Naismith Drive, Gloucester, Ontario KIB 5N4.
(613) 746-0060
For training of fitness leaders:
Fitness Ontario Leadership Program, Program Co-ordinator, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI. (416) 495-4321
For certification of fitness leaders:
Ontario Fitness Council, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI.
(416) 495-4071
For a copy of Recommended Standards for the Operation of Public Spas, please contact your local public health unit.
For information on emergency care and first aid:
Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario, 477 Mount Pleasant Road, 4th floor, Toronto, Ontario M4S 2L9. (416) 489-7100
St. John Ambulance Society, Box 388, Terminal "A", Ottawa, Ontario K IN 8V4.
(613) 236-3626
Canadian Red Cross Society, 5700 Cancross Court, Mississauga, Ontario LSR 3E9.
(416) 890-1000
General information on sports fitness, and recreation:
Ontario Sports Centre, 1220 Sheppard Avenue East, Willowdale, Ontario M2K 2XI.
(416) 495-4000
1.PAR-0 and PAR-X Forms
For copies, contact the Safety Resource Centre 1-800-668-7744,
in Toronto 495-4025.
2.Informed Consent form
The Informed Consent was developed specifically for a fitness appraisal. It is included here as an example only, to guide you and your legal advisors in the development of your own form.
Informed Consent Agreement
Thank you for choosing to use the facilities , services or programs of ___________. We request your understanding and co-operation in maintaining both your and our safety and health by reading and signing the following Informed Consent Agreement.
I,__________, declare that I intend to use some or all of the activities, facilities, programs and services offered by _______
and I understand that each person (myself included), has a different capacity for participating in such activities, facilities, programs and services. I am aware that all activities, services and programs offered are either educational, recreational or self-directed in nature. I assume full responsibility during and after my participation, for my choices to use or apply, at my own risk, any portion of the information or instruction I receive.
I understand that part of the risk involved in undertaking any activity or program is relative to my own state of fitness health ( physical, mental or emotional) and that the awareness, care and skill with which I conduct myself in that activity or program. I acknowledge that my choice to participate in any activity, service, or program of _________ brings with it the assumption by me of those risks or results stemming from this/these choice(s) and the fitness, health, awareness, care and skill that I possess and use.
I further understand that the activities, programs and services offered by ________ are sometimes conducted by personnel who may not be licensed, certified, or registered instructors or professionals. I accept the fact that the skills and competencies of some employees and/or volunteers will vary according to their training and experience and that no claim is made to offer assessment or treatment of any mental or physical disease or condition by those who are not fully licensed, certified or registered and herein employed to provide such professional services.
I recognise that by participating in the activities, facilities, programs and services offered by _______ that I may experience potential health risks such as transient light-headedness, fainting, abnormal blood pressure, chest discomfort, leg cramps and nausea and that I assume wilfully those risks. I acknowledge my obligation to immediately inform the nearest supervising employee of pain, discomfort, fatigue, or any other symptoms that I may suffer during and immediately after my participation. I understand that I may stop or delay my participation in any activity or procedure if I so desire and that I may also be requested to stop and rest by a supervising employee who observes any symptoms of distress or abnormal response.
I understand that I may ask any questions or request further explanation or information about the activities, facilities, programs and services offered by __________ at any time before, during or after my participation.
I declare that I have read, understood and agree to the contents of this Informed Consent Agreement in its entirety.
Signature_______________________________________________________
Date of Signing ________________________________________________
Witness__________________________________________________________
3.Medical Information form
The Sample Participant Information Form provides you with a starting point for gathering important medical information from each of your participants. It is taken from the Ministry of Tourism and Recreation's Sports Injury Prevention and Care(SIPAC) course manual.
Sample Participant Information Form
|
Name | |
|
Address | |
|
Height | |
|
Weight | |
|
Birthdate | |
|
In case of emergency contact |
relationship |
|
Address |
Home phone |
|
Business phone | |
|
Alternate emergency contact |
relationship |
|
Address |
Home phone |
|
Business phone | |
|
OHIP number | |
|
Family or personnel physician | |
|
Address |
phone |
|
Any allergies to drugs or foods? | |
|
If "yes", please specify which ones | |
|
Do you have any permanent disabilities | |
|
I 'yes', please specify what they are | |
|
Are you taking any prescription drugs? | |
|
If 'yes', please specify what medication has been prescribed and why you are taking it. | |
|
Do you wear eyeglasses? | |
|
Do you wear braces on your teeth? | |
|
Do you wear a hearing aid? | |
|
Do you wear contact lenses? | |
|
Do you wear a medical alert bracelet? | |
|
If 'yes', please specify what is written on it | |
|
Date of last tetanus immunisation |
blood type |
Have you had or do you have any of the following? Pertinent dates and details?
Arthritis or rheumatism
Asthma
Chronic nosebleeds
Diabetes
Diphtheria
Dislocating shoulder
Dizziness
Epilepsy Y
Fainting
Headaches
Heart trouble
Hernia
Skin condition
Stomach problems
Swollen or painful joints
"Trick" or lock knees
Specify other
What medications, if any, should the participation have on hand during the sport activity?
Who should administer it?
Participant's signature
Parent/guardian's signature
Date
Witness
4. Incident Report form
This user-friendly accident report and follow-up form was developed for the YMCA of Metropolitan Toronto. It can easily be adapted according to the needs and specialties of your own organisation.
Accident/Incident Report
Last name of person involved
Type of incident(fire, theft, injury)
Date of incident/accident
Name of program/facility
1. The staff member who took charge of the situation should fill this out within four hours of the incident.
2. This form is used for bodily injuries, thefts, fire, and other incidents.
3. Where loss exceeds $1000.00, contact ______ immediately.
Person's name
|
Phone (H) |
(B) |
|
Age | |
|
Address |
Member |
|
|
Guest |
Emergency contact name
Phone
Relationship
Date of accident/incident
Time of accident/incident
Where did it happen?
Describe exactly what happened. Use an extra piece of paper if necessary.
In the case of accident or injury, what was done for the injured person? By whom?
Witness names
Phone numbers
Addresses
Was the person offered medical assistance?
If medical assistance was refused, have the person sign here.
If unwilling to sign, note person's comments here:
Ambulance requested, time requested, time arrived, badge number,
Police requested, time requested ,time arrived, badge number
Taxi requested, time arrived, badge number
Were the news media present?
Which paper, radio, or TV stations?
Your name, position, phone, date, supervisor, supervisor's signature.
Current St. John Ambulance or Canadian Red Cross first aid manual
Disposable rubber gloves
Universal scissors
Tongue depressors
Triangular bandages, at least 6
Cotton swabs
Adhesive bandages, a variety of shapes and sizes
Sterile gauze pads, 4 x 4s and 2 x 2s
Sterile eye pads
Adhesive tape, 1-inch wide roll
Paper tape, 1 -inch wide roll
Elastic wrap, at least two 6-inch rolls, two 4-inch rolls, and two 3-inch rolls
Blankets, at least 2
Cold packs or ice with zip-lock plastic bags
Safety pins
First aid cream or ointment
Related Information:
Emergency phone numbers, pencils, cards
Accident report forms
Client's medical information
Optional:
Crutches, adjustable
Splints, air, metal, or wood, variety of sizes
Passive flow oxygen
Antiseptic solutions
Chairman
Dr. Norman Gledhill
York University, North York
Committee Members
Ms. Cathy Beaumont
YWCA's in Ontario, Toronto
Ms. Barb Dixon
Employee lifestyle Management, Brampton
Ms. Barbara Elson
The Canadian Club Managers Association, Toronto
Dr. Blake Ferris
Ontario Association of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Ottawa
Ms. Marj Keast
Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, Toronto
Ms. Cathy McNorgan
Ontario Fitness Council, Chatham
Ms. Lesley Morrison
Ontario Intramural Recreation Association, London
Mr. Don Noble
YMCAs in Ontario, Ottawa
Mr. Art Salmon
Ministry of Tourism and Recreation, Toronto
Mr. Al Scott
Ontario Fitness and Racquet Group, Willowdale
Dr. Richard Thomas
Ontario Medical Association, Willowdale
Mr. Larry Vezina
Confederation College, Thunder Bay
Ms. Paula Wager
OPHEA, Peterborough
Dr. Larry Wolfe
Ontario Council of University Physical Education and Recreation Administrators & Community College Fitness Administrators
Kingston
Mr. Dale Wood
Parks and Recreation Federation
of Ontario, Mississauga
Executive Assistant
Mr. Patrick Legris
York University, North York
PUBLISHED By THE MINISTRY OF TOURISM AND RECREATION
PRINTED By THE QUEEN'S PRINTER FOR ONTARIO PROVINCE OF ONTARIO, TORONTO,CANADA
© 1991 GOVERNMENT OF ONTARIO
ISBN 0 - 7 7 2 9- 8 4 8 4 - 0